Infectious Diseases

Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunization Programs

Children are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases due to their developing immune systems and frequent exposure in schools or day-care settings. Pediatric infectious diseases include measles, mumps, whooping cough, influenza, RSV, rotavirus, and more. Many of these illnesses can lead to serious complications, especially in infants or children with underlying health conditions. Immunization is one of the most effective tools in reducing child morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. Routine childhood vaccines protect against a range of bacterial and viral illnesses, contributing to herd immunity and overall public health. Delays or gaps in immunization schedules, vaccine hesitancy, and inequitable access to healthcare services can compromise protection. Pediatric infection specialists also monitor antibiotic use to prevent resistance. Integrated strategies—including caregiver education, timely vaccination, and improved diagnostic capacity—are essential for the early detection, prevention, and effective treatment of infectious diseases in children.