Kathrine Bernadette Apostol
Institute of Neurological Sciences, Philippines
Title: Dengue Cerebellitis in an adult male: A case report & literature review
Biography
Biography: Kathrine Bernadette Apostol
Abstract
Introduction: Purely cerebellar syndromes complicating dengue fever in an adult patient with risk factors for stroke are rare. Our literature review identified only 5 other similar cases, all from tropical countries. Case This is a case of a 36-year old hypertensive and dyslipidemic Filipino male treated as a case of dengue fever. On the fourth day of his illness, he suddenly presented with cerebellar symptoms. Neuroimaging done was negative. His dyslipidemia and hypertension were managed accordingly with medications. His dengue was managed with IV fluid hydration and serial full blood count monitoring. All of his neurologic symptoms resolved spontaneously within 2 weeks.
Discussion: Dengue fever can manifest with neurological features ranging from 0.5% to 21% of in-hospital cases. In multiple case reports, patients with dengue cerebellar syndrome all recover spontaneously without permanent neurological sequelae. Five out of the six known cases, including that of our patient had unremarkable neuroimaging findings. The exact pathology of neurological syndromes in dengue fever are yet to be established.
However, due to the positive serum Immunoglobulin M (IgM) of the subjects, we can conclude that this may be immune mediated. Another possible pathology is the direct invasion of the virus. However, the predilection for the cerebellum is not yet known.
Conclusion: Physicians should be made aware of such complications as dengue is epidemic in our setting. Since dengue causes a hyper-coagulable state with a higher risk for stroke, stroke should still be ruled out by neuroimaging.